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TQL Stadium

Coordinates: 39°06′41″N 84°31′20″W / 39.11139°N 84.52222°W / 39.11139; -84.52222
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(Redirected from West End Stadium)

TQL Stadium
View of the pitch from the northeast corner
TQL Stadium is located in Ohio
TQL Stadium
TQL Stadium
Location in Ohio
TQL Stadium is located in the United States
TQL Stadium
TQL Stadium
Location in the United States
Former namesWest End Stadium
Address1501 Central Parkway
LocationCincinnati, Ohio
Coordinates39°06′41″N 84°31′20″W / 39.11139°N 84.52222°W / 39.11139; -84.52222
Public transitLight rail interchange Connector
Bus interchange Metro
Bicycle facilities Red Bike
OwnerPort of Greater Cincinnati Development Authority[1]
OperatorFC Cincinnati
TypeSoccer-specific stadium
Executive suites53[2]
Capacity26,000[3]
Surface
Construction
Broke groundDecember 18, 2018
OpenedMay 16, 2021
Construction cost$250 million
ArchitectPopulous
BuilderTurner Construction
Project managerMachete Group
Structural engineerBuro Happold & Julie Cromwell Associates
Tenants
FC Cincinnati (MLS) (2021–present)
Website
tqlstadium.com

TQL Stadium is a soccer-specific stadium in Cincinnati, Ohio, United States. It is the home of FC Cincinnati, a Major League Soccer (MLS) team that has played there since the stadium opened on May 16, 2021. The stadium holds approximately 26,000 spectators and is located in the West End neighborhood, at the former site of Stargel Stadium on Central Parkway at Wade Street. It has a Bermuda Grass surface called Tahoma 31.[5] During construction, it was also known as the West End Stadium.

The stadium was proposed in 2016, as part of the team's bid for an MLS expansion franchise, to replace their temporary arrangement at Nippert Stadium. A list of sites was submitted with the bid in January 2017 and later narrowed to three candidates: in Oakley, the West End, and Newport, Kentucky. The West End site was chosen in early 2018 and approved in April through a land swap deal with Cincinnati Public Schools. On May 29, 2018, MLS announced that Cincinnati had won an expansion team, to begin play in 2019 at Nippert Stadium. A groundbreaking ceremony was held on December 18, 2018, and the stadium officially opened for the 2021 season at a total cost of $250 million.

Planning

[edit]

Background

[edit]

FC Cincinnati was founded in 2015 and played its first three seasons in the second-division United Soccer League (since renamed the USL Championship) at Nippert Stadium, a college football venue. After a successful first season in which the team's home games averaged 17,296 attendees, the club's ownership group began negotiations with Major League Soccer to bid for an expansion franchise.[6] Cincinnati formally submitted its expansion bid in January 2017, including a shortlist of locations for a potential stadium to meet the bid's requirement for a soccer-specific venue.[7]

FC Cincinnati's management first suggested the possibility of building a new stadium in late November 2016, when the club hosted MLS commissioner Don Garber for a day-long visit. During a town hall meeting held with club supporters that day, Garber suggested that Nippert was not a long-term solution for the team. Club president Jeff Berding said during the meeting that the club had recently begun to look for 15-to-20-acre (6.1 to 8.1 ha) sites in or near the "urban core" of Cincinnati.[8][9]

Location decision and negotiations

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Map
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5km
3miles
3
2
1
Proposed stadium sites
1
West End
2
Newport
3
Oakley

FC Cincinnati narrowed the list of locations for a potential stadium to a shortlist of three sites in May 2017: the football stadium used by Taft High School in the West End neighborhood; the former Milacron factory in Oakley on Interstate 71; and a riverfront site in Newport, Kentucky.[10] The club unveiled preliminary designs for a stadium in June 2017, outlining plans for a horseshoe-shaped stadium with a continuous roof and capacity for 25,000 to 30,000 people. It was designed by Dan Meis, who envisioned steep terraced seating and homages to Allianz Arena in Munich, including the use of LED lights and a translucent ETFE roof, for use at the three shortlist sites.[11][12][13]

Hamilton County commissioner Todd Portune speaks at a 2017 public hearing which was attended by many FC Cincinnati supporters advocating for stadium funding.[14]

In November 2017, the Cincinnati City Council passed legislation that would fund infrastructure improvements and a parking garage at the stadium, should a location within the city be chosen. The Oakley site was named as the leading candidate and formed the basis of the city council's infrastructure legislation.[15] FC Cincinnati presented its bid to MLS in December, including a stadium at the Oakley site,[16] but the Nashville bid was chosen instead for a 2020 expansion.[17][18]

The club signed an option contract with the Cincinnati Metropolitan Housing Authority to acquire land in the West End neighborhood in January 2018, signalling their intent to choose the site.[19] The following month, FC Cincinnati revealed plans to perform a land swap with Cincinnati Public Schools to acquire Stargel Stadium on the campus of Taft High School, with a new high school stadium being built nearby.[20] The land swap would require the approval of the Cincinnati Public School's board of directors, who declined to accept the club's offer because of tax abatement rules, which would require an additional $20 million in taxes to be paid by FC Cincinnati. In response, FC Cincinnati announced in March that it would remove the West End site from consideration and focus on the remaining two sites, which had the support of their respective county governments.[21][22] By early April, however, the club had announced that the Oakley and Newport sites were out of contention, due to the remoteness of the Oakley site and a landowner dispute in Newport, and that FC Cincinnati would restart negotiations for the West End site.[23][24]

The school board received an offer from the club to pay $25 million and build a new $10 million high school stadium and unanimously approved the land swap on April 10.[25] The club signed a community benefits agreement with the West End Neighborhood Council, despite opposition from a majority of the council, but the proposal was amended and agreed to by a majority of the council weeks later.[26][27] On April 16, the city council voted 5–4 for an ordinance that would fund $40 million in infrastructure improvements to support the stadium project.[28] A second city council vote on May 16 approved the community benefits agreement and was the final city action needed before a decision by MLS.[29] The league awarded the expansion franchise in an announcement on May 29.[30][31]

The construction of a new $200 million stadium with public money remained controversial, culminating in the formation of a citizens' group in 2017 to push Nippert Stadium as the permanent home of Cincinnati's MLS team.[32] FC Cincinnati ruled out the use of Nippert Stadium due to the stadium's outdated design that would present construction challenges.[33] During the final negotiations for the West End site, a separate group proposed that the community benefits agreement be decided in a public referendum, but were rejected on the grounds that the city council used an emergency ordinance to approve the stadium deal.[34]

Design revisions and criticism

[edit]
Architect Dan Meis drew inspiration from Allianz Arena in Munich, which features an LED-illuminated exterior made of ETFE.

Under a preliminary design schematic released in May 2018, the stadium would have 21,080 seats, with 16,610 general admission seats and 3,970 premium seats. An additional 7,000 seats would be added by filling in two of the corners and ends.[35] However, in June 2018, the club said that they were essentially "starting over" on designing the stadium.[36] Club president Jeff Berding said that he expected the capacity to be somewhere between 21,000 and 30,000 spectators, depending on what the club could afford.[37]

In October 2018, FC Cincinnati released new design concept images of the West End Stadium for the first time since the stadium site had been finalized. As in previous designs, the roof and exterior facades would be made of ETFE foil, a translucent material upon which colors and designs may be projected. The stadium was now expected to hold between 25,500 and 26,500 attendees, which would make it one of the largest soccer-specific stadiums in North America.[38] The dimensions of the stadium were also announced with new precision; the club shared draft images showing the precise footprint of the stadium within its land plot, and declared that the stadium's maximum height would be less than 120 feet (37 m).[39]

In response to criticism from West End residents, the stadium design was revised again in February 2019. The roof's orange color was replaced, and the 428-stall parking garage was relocated to the intersection of Central Parkway and Wade Street. Plans for 100,000 square feet (9,300 m2) in additional residential and commercial development along Central Parkway were scrapped in favor of opening the street with a pedestrian plaza. The stadium's design was also constrained by a Duke Energy transmission line that is buried underneath the site.[40] The city government subsequently approved an additional land sale for the stadium during the same month, for a police parking lot that would grant the city $8 million in revenue.[41] The club also contracted a consulting firm to determine the stadium's impact to the nearby Cincinnati Music Hall, including tests with blank cartridges from a shotgun, and concluded that the stadium noise would interfere with musical performances.[42]

MEIS Architects was removed as the head architecture firm from the project by FC Cincinnati and replaced by Populous, a Kansas City-based company responsible for several MLS venues. The new design revision, announced in March 2019, restored a reduced version of the orange lighting on the roof and exterior and expanded the canopy to cover the entire seating area.[43][44] A grand staircase would connect the stadium's concourse with Central Parkway, while the exterior walls were redesigned to resemble a series of "ribbons" that wrap around the outer bowl.[45] The club also acquired several additional properties in April 2019 along Wade Street to build a larger parking structure.[46] A zoning change to support commercial development on the Wade Street site drew criticism due to the potential displacement of at least 17 residents from the existing apartment buildings on the property.[47][48]

In July 2019, Populous and FC Cincinnati unveiled a new design for the West End Stadium that replaced the exterior lighting and ETFE facade with vertical "fins" that individually light up to create special effects and animations. There were to be 513 fins, a homage to Cincinnati's 513 area code, each 2 to 3 inches (5.1 to 7.6 cm) wide and 18 inches (46 cm) deep, but the number was later reduced to 387 (of which 287 are lit).[49][50] The club's proposal to extend the lighting scheme to include advertisements and other promotions was opposed by the Over-the-Rhine Community Council, who also criticized the permitting of year-round lighting.[51] The final seating capacity will be 26,000 spectators, including 59 suites and a premium club area with 4,500 seats. The stadium will include 3,100 seats in a safe standing terrace that will replace The Bailey.[52][53] The patterns and colors of the seating area, featuring navy blue seats and "Gary" the winged lion from the club crest in orange, were chosen from four options by a public poll in May 2020.[54][55]

Funding

[edit]

The stadium cost $250 million to construct,[52] with the majority of funding coming from FC Cincinnati and its ownership group. The club also funded $6.2 million in West End improvements and $10 million for a new high school football stadium, in addition to $25 million to Cincinnati Public Schools as part of the land use agreement. Infrastructure improvements around the stadium will be paid for using $34 million in city funds from a local tax increment financing district and $19 million from Hamilton County and the State of Ohio.[56][57][58] In June 2018, the club named U.S. Bank as the financial partner for the project.[59]

Naming rights

[edit]
The name "TQL Stadium", seen here on the eastern exterior of the structure, was publicly announced on April 21, 2021.

On June 22, 2020, FC Cincinnati filed suit against Premier Partnerships, a company they had contracted to broker a naming rights deal, alleging negligence amid a push to make a deal with a prospective sponsor on terms that were against MLS rules or financially infeasible for the team. The lawsuit did not mention the prospective sponsor by name, but The Cincinnati Enquirer reported that documents attached to the suit mentioned Mercy Health, the team's jersey sponsor.[60]

On April 21, 2021, Total Quality Logistics (TQL) was named as the naming rights sponsor of the stadium by FC Cincinnati, having come to a long-term agreement with the club.[61]

Construction

[edit]
Club and city officials participating in a groundbreaking ceremony on December 18, 2018

TQL Stadium was designed by Populous, MEIS Architects, and Elevar Design Group.[43] Turner Construction was the general contractor, working alongside Jostin Construction, and employed 200 to 400 workers during construction.[62] Machete Group oversaw the project as the owner's representative.[59] The project began major construction in 2019, after the new Stargel Stadium was completed at a nearby location.[38][63]

The original Stargel Stadium closed permanently on October 26, 2018, and demolition began the following month while the property was transferred from Cincinnati Public Schools to the club for $10 million.[64] The new Stargel Stadium was built southwest of Taft High School and opened in September 2019 for the fall sports season after a month-long construction delay.[65][66] A ceremonial groundbreaking for the TQL Stadium took place on December 18, 2018, attended by league commissioner Don Garber and local elected officials.[67] Construction was scheduled to begin after demolition of the original Stargel Stadium was completed in January 2019.[68] Foundation pouring was expected to begin in March, followed by structural erection in May.[68] However, these dates were later pushed back to July and November respectively.[69]

The stadium nearing completion in December 2020

The first roof trusses were installed in May 2020, with work continuing during the COVID-19 pandemic.[70] Work was halted in early August due to two "racist incidents" involving subcontractors at the stadium site, resulting in mandatory anti-bias training for workers.[71] The exterior's structural elements, including the roof and canopy, were topped out in July 2020 with the installation of the final steel beam.[72] The north scoreboard is the largest to be used in a soccer-specific stadium, measuring 150 feet (46 m) in width.[73] The stadium's hybrid grass pitch and its grow lights were installed in January 2021, using grass harvested from a supplier in Brookville, Indiana.[74] The exterior, signage, and interiors were finished in early 2021.[68][69] TQL Stadium opened with a ribbon-cutting ceremony on May 1, 2021, and hosted its first regular season match on May 16, between FC Cincinnati and Inter Miami CF.[75][76]

TQL Stadium was named Best Venue of 2022 by The World Football Summit.[77]

Transportation

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TQL Stadium viewed from across Central Parkway, a major thoroughfare in downtown Cincinnati

The stadium is located along Central Parkway, which splits the West End and Over-the-Rhine neighborhoods just northwest of Downtown Cincinnati, between John and Wade streets.[78][79] The area is currently served by SORTA buses and is two blocks from a Connector streetcar stop.[57]

During matchdays, several nearby streets are temporarily closed to vehicular traffic to create a pedestrian promenade, subject to city approval.[64][80] The club has four designated parking areas for fans with season parking passes, as well as several nearby lots with paid rates.[81] The Hamilton County government originally planned to build a 1,000-stall garage to serve TQL Stadium,[67] but later modified its agreement with FC Cincinnati to split the project into two garages, including one that would also serve Findlay Market.[82] The 515-stall garage at Findlay Market is planned to open in 2023 and cost an estimated $18 million.[83][84]

Soccer

[edit]

International men's matches

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Date Home Result Away Tournament Spectators
November 12, 2021  United States 2–0  Mexico 2022 FIFA World Cup qualification – CONCACAF third round 26,000
June 1, 2022  United States 3–0  Morocco Friendly 24,002
July 9, 2023  Guatemala 0–1  Jamaica 2023 CONCACAF Gold Cup Quarterfinals 24,979
 United States 2–2
(3–2 pen.)		  Canada
September 10, 2024  United States 1–1  New Zealand Friendly 15,711

International women's matches

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Date Home Result Away Tournament Spectators
September 21, 2021  United States 8–0  Paraguay Friendly 22,515[85]
September 21, 2023  United States 3–0  South Africa Friendly 22,016

Other events

[edit]

TQL Stadium hosted English rock band The Who on May 15, 2022, as a part of the band's "The Who Hits Back" Tour. It was the band's first concert in the city since the disaster at one of their shows in 1979.[86] The event was the first concert held at the stadium and drew 16,988 spectators.[87][88]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "West End".
  2. ^ "FC Cincinnati TQL Stadium | Projects | Turner Construction Company". www.turnerconstruction.com. Retrieved July 6, 2024.
  3. ^ "FC Cincinnati TQL Stadium | Projects | Turner Construction Company". www.turnerconstruction.com. Retrieved July 6, 2024.
  4. ^ fccincinnati. "New surface at TQL Stadium brings change, but also (hopefully) a more dynamic and healthier grass for FC Cincinnati | FC Cincinnati". fccincinnati. Retrieved July 6, 2024.
  5. ^ Chapley, Carter (July 5, 2024). "New surface at TQL Stadium brings change, but also (hopefully) a more dynamic and healthier grass for FC Cincinnati". FCCincinnati.com.
  6. ^ "FC Cincinnati 'in talks' with Major League Soccer, but no solid plan in the works". WCPO. April 23, 2016. Retrieved May 29, 2018.
  7. ^ Brennan, Patrick (January 31, 2017). "FC Cincinnati submits expansion bid to MLS". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Retrieved May 29, 2018.
  8. ^ Pfahler, Laurel (November 30, 2016). "FC Cincinnati looking at long-term stadium plans with eye on MLS". WCPO. Retrieved May 29, 2018.
  9. ^ "Key dates in FC Cincinnati's lurching effort to get a stadium approved". The Cincinnati Enquirer. April 6, 2018. Retrieved May 29, 2018.
  10. ^ Williams, Jason; Brennan, Patrick (May 24, 2017). "Here's where FC Cincinnati is looking to build new stadium". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Retrieved May 29, 2018.
  11. ^ Brennan, Patrick (June 12, 2017). "FC Cincinnati unveils stadium design, emphasizes Newport at OTR event". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Retrieved May 29, 2018.
  12. ^ Chiles, Richard (June 29, 2017). "3 communities vying for FC Cincinnati 25,000-seat stadium". WLWT. Retrieved May 29, 2018.
  13. ^ Pfahler, Laurel (June 12, 2017). "This is what FC Cincinnati hopes to build". WCPO. Retrieved May 29, 2018.
  14. ^ Watkins, Steve (September 27, 2017). "FC Cincinnati supporters show their passion at county meeting". Cincinnati Business Courier.
  15. ^ Knight, Cameron; Wartman, Scott; Coolidge, Sharon (November 29, 2017). "'Goal!': City, county clear way for FC Cincinnati's MLS bid". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Retrieved May 29, 2018.
  16. ^ Pfahler, Laurel (December 5, 2017). "FC Cincinnati set to make final expansion pitch to MLS". Dayton Daily News. Retrieved June 6, 2018.
  17. ^ Straus, Brian (December 19, 2017). "MLS Announces Nashville as Next Expansion City". Sports Illustrated. Retrieved June 6, 2018.
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  36. ^ Pfahler, Laurel (June 29, 2018). "FC Cincinnati says it's 'starting over' with design for its Major League Soccer stadium". WCPO. Retrieved August 12, 2018.
  37. ^ Brennan, Patrick (June 29, 2018). "Maximum capacity versus ticket scarcity: The debate to determine FC Cincinnati's West End stadium capacity". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Gannett Company. Retrieved August 12, 2018.
  38. ^ a b Brennan, Patrick (October 9, 2018). "FC Cincinnati reveals initial designs for West End stadium". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Retrieved October 10, 2018.
  39. ^ FCC Communications (October 9, 2018). "FC Cincinnati Releases Initial Concept Designs for West End Stadium" (Press release). FC Cincinnati. Retrieved October 9, 2018.
  40. ^ Wetterich, Chris (February 6, 2019). "FC Cincinnati scuttles orange roof, scales back other development around stadium". Cincinnati Business Journal. Retrieved February 6, 2019.
  41. ^ Coolidge, Sharon (February 6, 2019). "City strikes deal to sell FC Cincinnati land for West End stadium". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Retrieved February 6, 2019.
  42. ^ Coolidge, Sharon (February 5, 2019). "Acoustics test: FC Cincinnati noise will impact Music Hall performances". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Retrieved February 6, 2019.
  43. ^ a b Coolidge, Sharon; Brennan, Patrick (March 28, 2019). "That FC Cincinnati stadium orange glow is a go – but with a new architect". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Retrieved March 29, 2019.
  44. ^ Coolidge, Sharon (April 3, 2019). "New renderings: FC Cincinnati stadium will have a canopy over every seat; will glow less". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Retrieved April 3, 2019.
  45. ^ Coolidge, Sharon (April 23, 2019). "See the 'grand staircase' into the FC Cincinnati stadium and other new pictures". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Retrieved April 23, 2019.
  46. ^ Coolidge, Sharon (April 15, 2019). "Sold! FC Cincinnati plans to scoop up Jehovah's Witnesses property as stadium site grows". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Retrieved April 22, 2019.
  47. ^ Coolidge, Sharon (April 21, 2019). "Nowhere to go: Displacement a reality for at least 17 people near the FC Cincinnati stadium". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Retrieved April 22, 2019.
  48. ^ Millward, Evan (April 22, 2019). "FC Cincinnati stadium re-zoning has some West End residents concerned about losing homes". WCPO. Retrieved April 22, 2019.
  49. ^ Sayer, Jason (July 19, 2019). "FC Cincinnati's stadium redesign will be wrapped in 513 glowing fins". The Architect's Newspaper. Retrieved June 22, 2020.
  50. ^ Brennan, Pat; Coolidge, Sharon (March 19, 2021). "FC Cincinnati lights up West End Stadium: 5 things to know". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Retrieved March 20, 2021.
  51. ^ Bentley, Quinlan (August 10, 2020). "OTR residents push back over FC Cincinnati Stadium exterior lighting". Cincinnati Business Courier. Retrieved August 17, 2020.
  52. ^ a b "Final West End Stadium seat design unveiled". FC Cincinnati. May 27, 2020. Retrieved July 17, 2020.
  53. ^ Hager, Sarah; Schupp, Kim (July 14, 2019). "FC Cincinnati's new architect behind West End Stadium unveils new design". Fox 19. Retrieved July 16, 2019.
  54. ^ Sigal, Jonathan (May 18, 2020). "Cast your vote: FC Cincinnati fans can pick bowl design at West End Stadium". MLSsoccer.com. Retrieved May 20, 2020.
  55. ^ Sigal, Jonathan (May 27, 2020). "Results are in: FC Cincinnati supporters pick West End Stadium seat design". MLSsoccer.com. Retrieved June 4, 2020.
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  60. ^ Coolidge, Sharon (June 22, 2020). "Lawsuit: FC Cincinnati stadium should have naming rights sponsor by now". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Retrieved June 22, 2020.
  61. ^ Coolidge, Sharon (April 21, 2021). "FC Cincinnati's new home in the West End has a name: TQL Stadium". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Retrieved April 21, 2021.
  62. ^ Knight, Cameron (October 19, 2018). "FC Cincinnati stadium will break ground Dec. 19, open March 2021". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Retrieved October 25, 2018.
  63. ^ Hatch, Charlie (June 29, 2018). "FC Cincinnati announces timeline for West End stadium, to unveil new design". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Retrieved June 29, 2018.
  64. ^ a b LaFleur, Pat (November 28, 2018). "FC Cincinnati stadium plans call for game-day pedestrian zone on Central Parkway". WCPO. Retrieved December 17, 2018.
  65. ^ Springer, Scott (September 11, 2019). "CPS: Stargel Stadium will be ready for football Friday for Taft vs. Withrow". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Retrieved March 28, 2020.
  66. ^ Brown, Ken (September 13, 2019). "New Stargel Stadium plays host to first football game". Fox 19 Now. Retrieved March 28, 2020.
  67. ^ a b Coolidge, Sharon (December 18, 2018). "FC Cincinnati stadium breaks ground, but fights ahead of parking, promises". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Retrieved December 17, 2018.
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  69. ^ a b "Stadium Facts". West End Stadium. FC Cincinnati. Retrieved August 15, 2019.
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  71. ^ Knight, Cameron (August 4, 2020). "Racist incidents stop work on FC Cincinnati stadium". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Retrieved August 4, 2020.
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  73. ^ Schell, Mike; Goffinet, Jared (September 14, 2020). "West End Stadium construction on schedule for Spring opening, FCC says". FOX 19 News. Retrieved March 20, 2021.
  74. ^ Brennan, Pat (January 6, 2021). "West End stadium's latest milestone features advanced grass playing surface". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
  75. ^ Coolidge, Sharon (May 1, 2021). "FC Cincinnati's TQL Stadium opens to fanfare, praise for West End neighborhood". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Retrieved May 1, 2021.
  76. ^ Brennan, Pat (March 10, 2021). "Here's the date, opponent for FC Cincinnati opening West End Stadium". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Retrieved March 10, 2021.
  77. ^ "TQL Stadium wins Global "Best Venue" Award". FC Cincinnati. Retrieved October 4, 2022.
  78. ^ Fast, Austin (April 24, 2018). "Here's how FC Cincinnati stadium might fit into the West End". WCPO. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
  79. ^ Demeropolis, Tom (February 12, 2018). "Here's how FC Cincinnati stadium could fit in West End". Cincinnati Business Journal. Retrieved May 29, 2018.
  80. ^ "FCC TQL Stadium Gameday Traffic Road Closures". City of Cincinnati. February 23, 2023. Retrieved April 11, 2023.
  81. ^ "Parking". FC Cincinnati. Retrieved April 11, 2023.
  82. ^ Wartman, Scott; Coolidge, Sharon (December 19, 2019). "You get a garage! And you get a garage! No more fighting: Parking garages for both FC Cincinnati and Findlay Market". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Archived from the original on April 12, 2023. Retrieved April 11, 2023.
  83. ^ Wetterich, Chris (May 12, 2022). "Findlay Market garage is a go after Over-the-Rhine Foundation drops challenge". Cincinnati Business Journal. Retrieved April 11, 2023.
  84. ^ "Findlay Market Garage in Over-the-Rhine". City of Cincinnati. Retrieved April 11, 2023.
  85. ^ "ROSE LAVELLE SHINES IN DYNAMIC HOMETOWN PERFORMANCE AS THE U.S. WOMEN'S NATIONAL TEAM DEFEATS PARAGUAY 8–0". ussoccer.com. Retrieved September 22, 2021.
  86. ^ "The Who – TQL Stadium". tqlstadium.com. Retrieved February 7, 2022.
  87. ^ Watkins, Steve (February 7, 2022). "The Who returning to Cincinnati for first concert since '79 tragedy". Cincinnati Business Courier. Retrieved February 7, 2022.
  88. ^ Varias, Chris (May 16, 2022). "'It's so lovely to be here': The Who remembers 1979 tragedy, while rocking Cincinnati show". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Retrieved May 29, 2022.
[edit]
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Events and tenants
Preceded by Home of
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2021 – present 		Succeeded by
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